Valves play a crucial role in the pipelines in which they are installed, serving to cut off or throttle the flow of the medium. As a critically important type of shut-off valve, the globe valve achieves its seal by applying torque to the valve stem; this torque generates axial pressure from the stem onto the valve disc, causing the disc's sealing surface to press tightly against the valve seat's sealing surface, thereby preventing the medium from leaking through the interface between the two surfaces.
The sealing pair of a globe valve consists of the sealing surfaces of the valve disc and the valve seat, with the valve stem driving the disc to move vertically along the centerline of the seat. During the opening and closing operations of a globe valve, the required lift height is relatively small, making it easy to regulate flow rates; furthermore, the valve is convenient to manufacture and maintain, and is suitable for a wide range of operating pressures.
Compared to another commonly used shut-off valve in industrial production-the gate valve-the globe valve possesses a simpler structure, making it easier to manufacture and maintain. In terms of service life, the sealing surfaces of a globe valve are less prone to wear and abrasion; since there is no relative sliding between the valve disc and the seat during opening and closing operations, wear and tear on the sealing surfaces are minimized, thereby extending the service life of the sealing pair. Additionally, the valve disc undergoes only a short travel distance during the full opening and closing cycle, resulting in a lower overall height compared to a gate valve. The disadvantages of the globe valve include the requirement for a relatively high operating torque, which makes rapid opening and closing difficult; moreover, due to the tortuous flow path within the valve body, fluid flow resistance is significant, resulting in substantial fluid energy loss within the pipeline system.